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"Buckinghamshire,
or Bucks, an inland county of England, bounded on the North
by Northamptonshire, East by Bedfordshire, Herts, and Middlesex,
South by Surrey (for the distance of about 1 mile) and Berks,
and West by Oxfordshire; greatest length, N. and S., 50 miles;
greatest breadth, E. and W., 24 miles; average breadth, 17
miles; area 477,151 acres, population 176,323. It is intersected
by the chalk range of the Chiltern Hills, which extend NE.
from Oxfordshire to Bedfordshire, the highest point being
Wendover Hill, 905 ft. The country here is beautifully wooded,
chiefly with oak and beech. To the South there is much excellent
grazing land. The fertile "Vale of Aylesbury" lies in the
centre of the county, verdant with rich meadows and pasturage.
Further North the heavy arable land is now being brought under
steam cultivation, and excellent crops of wheat, beans, &c.,
are produced. Farms are generally of small size, and are leased
on a yearly tenure. Pigs and calves are largely reared on
the numerous dairy-farms, and great numbers of ducks are sent
yearly to the metropolis from the neighbourhood of Aylesbury.
The quantity of butter, besides cream cheese &c., send annually
to market, averages between 4,000,000 and 5,000,000 lbs. The
making of wooden spades, brush-handles, bowls, &c., from beech
is a considerable industry. Numbers of the female population
are employed in the manufacture of thread-lace and straw plaiting."
[Bartholemew's Gazetteer of the British Isles, 1887]
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